what to include in research locale

Research Locale

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A research locale refers to the specific geographical area or location where a study or research is conducted. This locale is carefully chosen based on the study’s objectives, the population of interest, and the relevance of the location to the research questions. Selecting an appropriate research locale is crucial as it impacts the validity and generalizability of the study’s findings. The locale provides the context within which data is collected, analyzed, and interpreted, making it a fundamental aspect of the research action plan . In studies focusing on environmental or biological aspects, understanding the endemic species within the research locale is essential, as these species are native to the area and can significantly influence the research outcomes.

What is Research Locale?

Research locale refers to the specific geographical location or setting where a study is conducted. This area is chosen based on the objectives and requirements of the research, as it provides the necessary context and environment for gathering relevant data. The research locale can range from a small community or institution to a larger region or multiple sites, depending on the scope of the study.

Examples of Research Locale

• Schools: Conducting a study on the effectiveness of a new teaching method in elementary, middle, or high schools.
• Universities: Researching student behaviors, learning outcomes, or the impact of specific academic programs in higher education settings.
• Hospitals: Investigating patient recovery rates or the efficacy of new treatments in a hospital setting.
• Clinics: Studying the accessibility and quality of healthcare services in local clinics.
• Urban Areas: Examining the effects of urbanization on residents’ quality of life, health, or social interactions.
• Rural Areas: Researching agricultural practices, rural healthcare accessibility, or educational challenges in rural settings.
• Corporations: Studying employee satisfaction, productivity, or the impact of corporate policies in large companies.
• Small Businesses: Investigating the challenges and successes of small business operations in local communities.
• Parks: Researching the usage patterns and benefits of public parks for community health and well-being.
• Libraries: Examining the role of public libraries in community education and engagement.
• Countries: Conducting cross-national studies on economic development, public health, or educational systems.
• Regions: Researching environmental impacts, cultural practices, or regional policies in specific areas such as the Midwest, the Himalayas, or the Amazon Basin.
• Social Media Platforms: Studying user behavior, misinformation spread, or social interactions on platforms like Facebook, Twitter, or Instagram.
• Virtual Communities: Investigating the dynamics of online forums, gaming communities, or e-learning environments.

Research Locale Examples in School

• Classroom Dynamics: Investigating how seating arrangements affect student interaction and participation in a third-grade classroom.
• Reading Programs: Assessing the impact of a new phonics-based reading program on literacy rates among first graders.
• Bullying Prevention: Studying the effectiveness of anti-bullying programs and policies in reducing incidents of bullying among sixth to eighth graders.
• STEM Education: Evaluating the success of extracurricular STEM clubs in improving students’ interest and performance in science and math subjects.
• College Preparation: Analyzing how different college preparatory programs influence the readiness and success of students applying to universities.
• Sports Participation: Researching the correlation between participation in high school sports and academic performance, self-esteem, and social skills.
• Inclusive Practices: Investigating the effectiveness of inclusive education practices on the social integration and academic achievements of students with special needs.
• Assistive Technologies: Evaluating the impact of various assistive technologies on the learning outcomes of students with disabilities.
• Curriculum Impact: Assessing the impact of specialized curricula (e.g., arts, sciences, or technology-focused) on student engagement and academic performance.
• Student Diversity: Studying the effects of a diverse student body on cultural awareness and interpersonal skills among students.
• Innovative Teaching Methods: Examining the outcomes of innovative teaching methods and curricula implemented in charter schools compared to traditional public schools.
• Parental Involvement: Researching how parental involvement in charter schools affects student motivation and achievement.
• Residential Life: Investigating the effects of boarding school environments on student independence, social development, and academic performance.
• Extracurricular Activities: Studying the role of extracurricular activities in shaping the overall development and well-being of boarding school students.
• Multicultural Education: Examining the impact of multicultural education programs on students’ global awareness and acceptance of cultural diversity.
• Language Acquisition: Researching the effectiveness of bilingual education programs in international schools on students’ proficiency in multiple languages.

Examples of Research Locale Quantitative

• Measuring the effect of a new math curriculum on standardized test scores among fourth-grade students.
• Analyzing the relationship between breakfast programs and student attendance rates.
• Quantifying the impact of restorative justice practices on the frequency of disciplinary actions.
• Assessing the correlation between educational technology use in classrooms and student achievement in science.
• Investigating factors influencing graduation rates, including socio-economic status and teacher-student ratios.
• Evaluating the effectiveness of college preparatory programs by comparing college admission rates of participants versus non-participants.
• Measuring the progress of students with Individualized Education Plans (IEPs) in academic performance and behavioral improvements.
• Quantifying the impact of different assistive technologies on academic success.
• Comparing academic performance data between students in magnet schools and traditional public schools.
• Analyzing enrollment data to determine the diversity of student populations and its impact on academic outcomes.
• Assessing academic outcomes by comparing standardized test scores between charter school students and traditional public school students.
• Measuring teacher retention rates in charter schools versus public schools.
• Quantifying academic performance by analyzing GPA and standardized test scores of boarding school students.
• Conducting surveys to collect quantitative data on student well-being and correlating it with academic success.
• Measuring language proficiency levels in bilingual programs using standardized language tests.
• Using surveys to quantify students’ cultural competence and its relationship with academic performance.

Examples of Research Locale Qualitative

• Classroom Interaction: Observing and documenting student-teacher interactions to understand the dynamics of effective teaching strategies.
• Playground Behavior: Conducting interviews and focus groups with students to explore their social interactions and conflict resolution methods during recess.
• Peer Relationships: Exploring the nature of peer relationships and their impact on students’ emotional well-being through in-depth interviews.
• Curriculum Implementation: Gathering teacher narratives on the challenges and successes of implementing a new curriculum.
• Extracurricular Activities: Investigating students’ experiences and perceptions of participating in extracurricular activities through case studies and interviews.
• Career Aspirations: Conducting focus groups to understand how students’ backgrounds and school experiences shape their career aspirations.
• Parent Perspectives: Interviewing parents of students with special needs to gather insights into their experiences and satisfaction with the educational services provided.
• Teacher Experiences: Collecting narratives from special education teachers about their experiences, challenges, and strategies in teaching students with diverse needs.
• Student Motivation: Exploring the factors that motivate students to attend and succeed in magnet schools through in-depth interviews.
• Cultural Integration: Studying how students from diverse backgrounds integrate and interact within the specialized environment of magnet schools.
• Teacher Retention: Investigating the reasons behind teacher retention and turnover in charter schools through qualitative interviews with current and former teachers.
• Parent Involvement: Conducting case studies to understand the role and impact of parent involvement in charter school communities.
• Residential Life: Exploring students’ experiences of residential life, focusing on their personal growth and social development through narrative inquiry.
• Alumni Perspectives: Interviewing alumni to gather insights on how their boarding school experience has influenced their post-graduation life.
• Cultural Adaptation: Examining the experiences of expatriate students adapting to new cultural environments through ethnographic studies.
• Multilingual Education: Conducting interviews with teachers and students to explore the challenges and benefits of multilingual education in international schools.

Research locale Sample Paragraph

This study was conducted in three public high schools located in the urban district of Greenville, North Carolina. The selected schools—Greenville High School, Central High School, and Riverside High School—were chosen for their diverse student populations and varying levels of technological integration in the classroom. Each school enrolls approximately 1,200 students, offering a mix of Advanced Placement (AP) courses, vocational training, and special education programs. Greenville High School recently implemented a 1:1 laptop initiative, providing each student with a personal device for educational use. Central High School utilizes a blended learning model with shared computer labs and mobile tablet carts, while Riverside High School maintains a more traditional approach with limited use of digital tools. This study focuses on 11th-grade students enrolled in English and Mathematics courses, examining how different levels of technology integration impact student engagement and academic performance. Data was collected through a combination of student surveys, standardized test scores, classroom observations, and interviews with teachers and administrators, aiming to provide comprehensive insights into the effectiveness of technology-enhanced learning environments.

How to write Research Locale?

The research locale section of your study provides a detailed description of the location where the research will be conducted. This section is crucial for contextualizing your research and helping readers understand the setting and its potential influence on your study. Here are the steps to write an effective research locale:

1. Introduction to the Locale

• Name and Description : Start by naming the locale and providing a brief description. Include geographic, demographic, and cultural aspects.
• Relevance : Explain why this locale is suitable for your study.

2. Geographic Details

• Location : Provide precise details about the location, including the city, state, country, and any specific areas within these larger regions.
• Map and Boundaries : If possible, include a map to illustrate the locale and its boundaries.

3. Demographic Information

• Population : Describe the population size, density, and composition. Include information on age, gender, ethnicity, and socio-economic status.
• Community Characteristics : Mention any unique characteristics of the community that are relevant to your study.

4. Socio-Economic and Cultural Context

• Economic Activities : Outline the primary economic activities and employment sectors in the locale.
• Cultural Practices : Highlight cultural practices, traditions, and values that might influence the study.

5. Educational and Institutional Context

• Schools and Institutions : If relevant, describe the educational institutions, such as schools or universities, and their role in the community.
• Other Institutions : Mention any other institutions (e.g., healthcare, religious) that might be relevant.

6. Accessibility and Infrastructure

• Transportation : Explain the transportation infrastructure, including roads, public transit, and accessibility.
• Facilities : Mention key facilities like hospitals, libraries, and recreational centers.

7. Environmental Factors

• Climate and Geography : Describe the climate and any geographic features that could impact your research.
• Environmental Conditions : Note any environmental conditions, such as pollution or natural resources, relevant to your study.

FAQ’s

Why is the research locale important.

The research locale is crucial because it influences the study’s context, data collection, and findings’ applicability.

How do you select a research locale?

Selection involves considering relevance to the research question, accessibility, availability of data, and potential impact on results.

What factors influence the choice of a research locale?

Factors include geographical location, demographic characteristics, cultural context, and logistical feasibility.

Can a study have multiple research locales?

Yes, studies can include multiple locales to compare different environments or enhance the study’s generalizability.

How does the research locale affect data collection?

The locale can determine the methods used, participant availability, and types of data collected.

What is the difference between research locale and research setting?

The research locale is the broader geographical area, while the research setting refers to the specific place within that locale.

How do you describe a research locale in a study?

Include geographical details, demographic information, cultural characteristics, and any relevant historical or social context.

Why might a researcher choose an urban research locale?

Urban locales offer diverse populations, accessible resources, and varied social dynamics.

Why might a researcher choose a rural research locale?

Rural locales provide unique insights into less-studied populations, community dynamics, and environmental factors.

What role does the research locale play in qualitative research?

In qualitative research, the locale is integral to understanding participants’ lived experiences and contextual factors.

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Chapter III Methodology Research Locale

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Chapter III METHODOLOGY Research Locale

The study was conducted at Marinduque National High School, a DepEd managed partially urban secondary public school and a mother school of all secondary public school in Marinduque. This school comprises Senior High School and offers two tracks which are Academic and Technical Vocational Tracks. Under Academic Track are General Academic Strand (GAS) and Science, Technology, Engineering and Mathematics Stand (STEM). It is located at Isok-1, Boac, Marinduque (Latitude: 13°26'43", Longitude: 121°50'22") and the write up was done at Pili, Boac, Marinduque.

Source: Google Maps and Nona Figure 2. Map of the Municipality of Boac, Marinduque

Research Design

The research study aims to identify the relationship between perceptions of STEM students on hands-on activities and their level of understanding in Chemistry lessons to determine student’s attitudes towards Chemistry subject.

Exploratory research inquiry was administered in order to explore beyond the students’ perceptions on hands-on activities and on how they deal with the concepts of the lessons. Cross-sectional research design was used to collect data from a cross-section of a population at one point in time. This research design was used to look for and determine the relationship between the two variables of the study and to test out ideas and hypotheses.

Instrumentation

The research instrument was used for data gathering consisting close and open-ended questions. It has 20 items to be answered specifically ten (10) for the perceptions of students on Chemistry Hands-on Activities and ten (10) for the students’ level of understanding in Chemistry lessons. For the level of understanding of students in Chemistry lesson they were asked to state their reasons why did they answer that letter. The research instrument adapted the student’s questionnaire of Mwangi’s research (2016) entitled “Effect of Chemistry Practicals on Students’ performance in Chemistry in Public Secondary Schools of Machakos and Nairobi counties in Kenya” and Mulford’s Chemical Concept Inventory. The research instrument was administered to measure student’s

collected three (3) days after. Revisions were made after the content validation considering the comments and suggestion of the teachers. Table 1. Mean Rating of Master Teachers in Science on the research instrument

Based from the table above, Mrs. Mingi (Expert 1) agree that the questionnaire is organized yet she commented that the researchers must check the grammar while Mr. Marmol (Expert 2) strongly agree that the research instrument is well constructed. On the other hand, Mrs. Solas (Expert 3) moderately agree that the research instrument is well made. She suggests that the questions should be simplified and modified by the researchers. The researchers considered these comments and suggestions and revised the research instrument. Thus, the master teachers in science agree that the questionnaire is valid and agree with each of the statement in the questionnaire for content validation of instrument based from the Questionnaire on Content Validity of Pili (2006) and Survey Rubic (2015).

Table 2. Reliability statistics of Master Teachers in Science’s rating in the research instrument

Experts Mean Rating 1 4. 2 5. 3 3. Overall Mean 4.

Total Items 12 Cronbach’s alpha 0.

Based from reliability statistics presented, the Cronbach's alpha computed is 0 or almost equivalent to 1. This indicates that 96% of the variance in the scores/ratings in the research instrument’s content validation of Master Teachers in Science is reliable or only 3% error variance. According to Lance et. al.(2006), 1 Cronbach’s alpha is a perfect consistency in measurement and values over .90 are generally considered to reflect adequate fit of the model to the data.

Construct Validation of the Research Instrument The Grade 11 Science Technology Engineering and Mathematics (STEM) students of Marinduque National High School SY 2017-2018 served as the validators in the test run of the instrument. The questionnaires were distributed to the Grade 11 STEM Students on September 25, 2017 and were collected after two (2) days. Table 3. Mean Rating of Grade 11 STEM Students on the research instrument

shown in table 3, the Grade 11 STEM students agree that hands-on activities is important but their level of understanding in Chemistry is correct/incomplete

Mean rating Perceptions on Chemistry Hands-on activities 3. Level of Understanding in Chemistry Lessons 2.

used to ensure a fairly equal selection on the population size and in accordance to the requirements of the research study.

Data Gathering Procedure

The questionnaires were distributed personally to the Grade 12 STEM Students and were then collected. The data gathered were analyzed, interpreted and tabulated.

Statistical Treatment of Data

The information was analyzed using descriptive and inferential statistics. Descriptive statistics (e. frequencies, mean) help to describe and understand the features of the specific data set by giving short summaries about the sample and measures of the data. Cronbach’s alpha was computed for the credibility and reliability testing of the instrument. Computing for the Pearson Product Moment Coefficient of Correlation (r) and P-value was applied to the data in measuring the significant relationship between the two variables. The results were then presented using figures and tables for easiness of understanding and analysis.

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Location, Location, Location: How to Create a Research Locality Guide

Updated: Dec 11, 2023

It is time to start a new research project. You are finally going to track down that elusive ancestor. What if you are unfamiliar with the town in which your ancestor lived? Before you dive in to researching specific details about your ancestor, you should consider creating a research locality guide.

What is a research locality guide?

A research locality guide is a quick reference guide that outlines background information about the locality being researched as well as what types of records are available. The document you create should contain brief information about the state, county, and town together with links to different websites and databases that contain information. You may already have links bookmarked in your browser, however, creating a specific research locality guide document will be a great way to collect all those links into one place.

A great resource to consult for step-by-step guidance on how to create a locality guide may be found in the book Research Like a Pro: A Genealogist's Guide by Diana Elder, AG® and Nicole Dyer. [1]

Why is a research locality guide important?

Having information about the town, county, or state you are researching assembled in one document will help you to research more efficiently. Creating this document in advance of the onset of your project will useful when it is time for you to create a research plan for the project. Knowing what record sets exist, what dates are covered, and what the record sets contain for a specific location will reduce the probability of negative search results. If you need to research the locality again, you can refer back to the document you already created.

What categories should be included?

Think about what events in your ancestor's life would have been documented. Who created the documentation? For what purpose was the documentation created? Where would the records be kept? Using the research locality guide template provided the book Research Like a Pro: A Genealogist's Guide will give you a good start on creating your locality guide by suggesting categories to be included. These categories can be adapted to fit the needs of the locality you are researching. Here are a few ideas to get you started.

Background Information

When was the town formed?

In what county is the town located?

When was the county formed?

What year was the state admitted to the union?

Were there any fires or natural disasters that caused a loss of records?

What major historical events occurred in the region?

Are records kept at the town, county, or state level?

In what year(s) did documentation of vital records begin?

Cemetery Records

When were cemeteries established?

What documentation exists?

Are the markers photographed?

Are transcriptions of the markers available?

Are there listings of burials for which no markers exist?

Maps are an essential component of your research locality guide.

Which towns border your subject town?

What bodies of water exist in the region?

Did the town or county borders change over time?

Did one town split from another?

Did two towns merge?

How did changes in town or county boundaries impact where records are kept?

In addition to town boundaries, detailed maps may also contain facts about the county. This image depicts detail from an 1854 map of Hampshire County, Massachusetts and lists the population of each town within the county. Information like this can be very helpful, especially for years between federal census years.

Some maps may give additional information like a listing of agricultural crops grown in the county or a listing of schools and colleges.

The names of the landowners may be indicated on the town detail. Information like this would be extremely helpful to genealogists trying to locate homes owned by their ancestors.

Local businesses may be listed or illustrated on the map.

Town and County Histories

Many researchers discount the historical value of town and county histories as they contain information that is largely unsourced. These books were typically published in the early 20th century when an interest in town origins and colonial settlers were a popular subject of study. While unsourced, these books often contain information on topics that are rarely found in other sources. Many town histories also include genealogies of the founding settlers of the town.

For example, this chapter in a book entitled A History of Hatfield, Massachusetts [2] contains many topics of great value to historians and genealogists, such as:

life of Hatfield pioneers

class distinctions

fines for extravagance in apparel

home industries

farm work and crops

social gatherings

marriage customs

drinking habits

A better understanding of the customs typically followed in the locality in which our ancestors lived will give us a better understanding of what records may have documented their life events.

Where do I find information for my research locality guide?

The first place to look for information is the "FamilySearch Research Wiki." [3] The goal is to create a handy reference guide for yourself - not to recreate the wheel. If the information you seek appears in the wiki, you can copy those links directly in to your guide. Other great sources to find information would be the card catalogs of major online repositories, such as:

American Ancestors

Digital Commonwealth, Massachusetts Collections Online

FamilySearch

Library of Congress

National Archives

When assembling your research locality guide, you can include as much detail as you wish. As it can be a little daunting to create your first locality guide, you may wish to set a time limit for yourself. This is a document that can grow with your research. As you find more resources, you can add them to your existing document. Once you have a good template for a locality, you can use the template for similar localities. For example, in a locality guide created for Hatfield, Hampshire County, Massachusetts, if you remove the information specific to Hatfield you now have a Hampshire County guide. If you remove the Hampshire County information, you now have a Massachusetts guide. So, you essentially have three locality guides after creating a guide at the town level.

A research locality guide is an important component of your research toolbox.

creating a locality guide will help you better understand the geographic region in which your ancestor lived

having an understanding of the types of records available for your geographic region will assist in creating a research plan for your project

knowing specifically what records are extant in the region will improve your research efficiency and reduce the probability of negative search results

the next time you research in the same locality, you can quickly start the project as much of general background research would have been completed

Before you start your next research project, consider creating a research locality guide.

For More Information

A completed research locality guide for Hatfield, Hampshire County, Massachusetts is attached to this post. You may use or adapt this guide for your personal research use only.

These podcasts from Family Locket® explain step-by-step how to conduct locality research and create a locality research guide:

"RLP 4: Locality Research Part 1," Diana Elder, AG® and Nicole Dyer, hosts, Research Like a Pro Genealogy Podcast , 11 December 2018, YouTube (https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=rf4z6eq5gAE : accessed 6 March 2021).

"RLP 5: Locality Research Part 2," Diana Elder, AG® and Nicole Dyer, hosts, Research Like a Pro Genealogy Podcast , 11 December 2018, YouTube ( https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=zIBER5NMI1E : accessed 6 March 2021).

"RLP 18: How to Create a Locality Guide," Diana Elder, AG® and Nicole Dyer, hosts, Research Like a Pro Genealogy Podcast , 12 November 2018, Family Locke t (https://familylocket.com/rlp-18-how-to-create-a-locality-guide/ : accessed 9 March 2021).

"RLP 115: Revisiting Locality Research," Diana Elder, AG® and Nicole Dyer, hosts, Research Like a Pro Genealogy Podcast , 21 September 2020, Family Locke t (https://familylocket.com/rlp-115-revisiting-locality-research/ : accessed 6 March 2021).

The podcasts from Family Locket® are based on methodologies outlined in the book Research Like a Pro: A Genealogist's Guide , cited below.

Image Sources

Map Excerpts: Wm.[William] J. Barker, Map of Hampshire County, Massachusetts (Philadelphia: James D. Scott & Owen McLeran, 1854); Library of Congress (https://www.loc.gov/resource/g3763h.la002020/ : Accessed 8 March 2021).

Hatfield Burial Ground: Daniel White Wells, Reuben Field Wells, A history of Hatfield, Massachusetts, in three parts (Springfield, Massachusetts: F.C.H. Gibbons, 1910); Google Books (https://books.google.com/ : accessed 9 March 2021), 62.

Manners and Customs: Daniel White Wells, Reuben Field Wells, A history of Hatfield, Massachusetts, in three parts (Springfield, Massachusetts: F.C.H. Gibbons, 1910); Google Books (https://books.google.com/ : accessed 9 March 2021), 139.

[1] Diana Elder, AG, Nicole Dyer, Research Like a Pro: A Genealogist's Guide , Kindle edition (Highland, Utah: Family Locket Books, 2018), Chapter 3, Appendix A.

[2] Daniel White Wells, Reuben Field Wells, A history of Hatfield, Massachusetts, in three parts (Springfield, Massachusetts: F.C.H. Gibbons, 1910); Google Books (https://books.google.com/ : accessed 9 March 2021), 139.

[3] "FamilySearch Research Wiki : A Genealogy Resource Guide," FamilySearch (https://www.familysearch.org/wiki/en/Main_Page : accessed 6 March 2021).

Copyright 2021 Debora Ellen Blodgett

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Locale of the Study

In a quantitative study, describe the geographic location where the study will take place, cite recognizable landmarks such as a nearby urban city., d escribes the locale/venue of the research, i ncludes a map, if appropriate, visit this site for references:, http://studentsrepo.um.edu.my/view/subjects/, https://repository.up.ac.za/handle/2263/63.

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Chapter III METHODOLOGY Research Locale